Firearms identification is a discipline in Forensic Science and their primary concern is to determine a spent projectile, fired casing, or another ammunition component was fired from a particular firearm or from the same firearm. Comparison can be made between evidence (projectile, fired casing, or other ammunition components) or between evidence and test made with …
DNA microarrays are solid supports usually made of glass or silicon upon which DNA is attached in an organized fashion. Each spot of DNA is called a probe represent a single gene. DNA Microarrays can analyze the expression of tens of thousands of genes simultaneously. DNA Microarray is also known as DNA chip. The principle …
T-RFLP (Terminal Restriction fragment Length Polymorphism) is one of the most common DNA fingerprinting techniques in forensic applications. T-RFLP is a microbial profiling method and is an amplification method for amplifying the 16S rRNA genes. TRFLP is an amplification method using fluorescent-labeled end primer. Amplicons are digested using restriction endonucleases. Fragments (different sizes) are separated …
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Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis involves PCR amplification of 16srRNA gene sequence. It involves the separation of amplicons of the same length but with different basepair sequences on polyacrylamide gel containing DNA denaturant. Few steps in Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis steps are as follows DNA Extraction from Environmental samples. Amplification of DNA Fragments by PCR Incomplete …
Single-stranded Conformation Polymorphism (SSCP) distinguishes DNA molecules even they are of the same size due to the differences in the nucleotide sequences. Small changes in the nucleotide sequences can be detected through conformational changes in the DNA. SSCP analysis includes the extraction of DNA from environmental samples. PCR is then conducted using fluorescent-labeled forward primer and …
DNA Genotyping is a laboratory method for the identification of victims from a disaster or mass casualty events. The DNA Commission of the International Society for Forensic Genetics (ISFG) provided laboratory guidelines for sample collection, storage, DNA purification, and Genotyping. Software and bioinformatics tools that have been developed. Human Remains cannot be recovered from the …
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The relevance and value of hair as Forensic evidence gained importance in nineteenth century. Durability and stability are the key qualities that renders mammalian hair structures important as biological structures. The extreme hardiness is due to the presence of protein called keratins. Let us look in detail about the DNA Microbial Profiling of Bacteria in …
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Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) for Human Identification An Emerging Forensic Tool Genetic Typing is a powerful forensic tool used for investigating criminal and paternity cases. Current methods for DNA profiling reduces sample consumption, multiple manipulation procedures, reduce the processing time, and also amplifies 16 different loci through multiplexing. DNA Typing increases the power of discrimination …
Rapid DNA develops a hands-free automated DNA profile within 2 hours from a reference buccal swab without human intervention. The FBI’s rapid DNA process is an effort to establish a CODIS profile by using FBI-approved instruments integrating CODIS structure to solve crimes. Rapid DNA Analysis is also called the DNA magic box by law enforcement …
A Novel Biometric approach to sexually motivated serial killer victims – Face Similarity Linkage This study focus on the sexual motivation of serial killers. There are cases without any Forensic evidence available from the crime scene. The appearances of victims could be a factor that the serial killers consider before committing a crime. Biometric approaches …