Human DNA has a very significant role in crime scene investigation by bringing the culprit in front of justice and in exonerating the innocent. Domestic animals such as cats and dogs living in human habitat deposit hairs can aid in finding the suspect related to a crime. The botanical specimen found in the victim’s body …
STR (Short tandem repeat) genotyping is a forensic investigative tool used to identify alleles at specific loci between questioned and reference samples. STR genotyping is a method that employs polymerase chain reaction (PCR) instead of Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism(RFLP).RFLP method uses restriction enzymes to cut the DNA.STR amplicons are separated and detected using Capillary Electrophoresis. …
Colin Pitchfork was the first convicted murderer and rapist found using DNA typing. He was caught as a result of mass DNA screening. Pitchfork lived in a village in the county of Leicestershire, England. He was working in Hampshires Bakery until he was arrested for the crimes. In 1983, Lynda Mann was sexually assaulted and …
History of Forensic DNA profiling DNA profiling-In August 1999, a young student at the University of Virginia student was sexually assaulted and raped after pointing a gun at her by the assailant. The things inside the house were stolen. The girl was asked to have a shower by the assailant so that any trace of …
Saddam Hussein – Forensic biology One of the missions of United States military service during the Iraq war in March 2003 was to capture and kill “Saddam Hussein” who was the dictator of Iraq who threatens the world by using his power. Saddam was known to have ‘stunt doubles’ to protect his life. After capturing …
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Y -Chromosome is one of the sex chromosomes present in humans. Y -chromosome is a sex determining chromosome and is passed from father to son. Y Chromosomal DNA is specific to males and inherited through male descendants by genealogical mutation without any recombination. Y Chromosomal STR typing is a method to differentiate and detect male …
COVID 19 Corona virus is an infectious disease and is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS COV-2). The symptoms include high fever, cough and shortness of breath. The other symptoms include body, abdominal pain, sore throat and diarrhea. The disease first appeared in China and is spreading globally creating a pandemic …
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Multiplex PCR is a widespread molecular biology technique widely used in Short Tandem Repeat and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Analysis. Multiplex PCR is a polymerase chain reaction in which multiple DNA templates can be amplified by using multiple primer pairs in a single reaction. The method was first described in 1988 to detect deletions in the …
Quantitative PCR (Real-time PCR) is a molecular biology technique for the amplification of targeted DNA molecules in real-time. Real-time PCR is a recently developed technique by Higuchi in 1993. This procedure uses a modified thermal cycler with UV Detector and Charged couple device (CCD) camera. The procedure measures the amount of amplicon produced in each …
The human genome is full of repeated DNA sequences, occurs usually 5-50 times. The repeated sequences come in various sizes (6-10 bp in length) and are known as Short Tandem Repeats or Microsatellites. STR occurs at thousands of locations in an organism’s genome. STR is widely used in cancer diagnosis, paternity testing and in forensic …